Brazil: screenings and vaccines by age
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General information only. Not medical advice and not a substitute for a doctor.
Elsewhere, call your local emergency number.
Screening tests
| Item | Who it is for | How often / doses | Guideline | Checked |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High-risk HPV test (cervical cytology where the HPV test is not yet offered) Cervical cancer screening |
Women; ages 25 to 64; Has ever been sexually active | High-risk HPV test alone — every 5 years · Cervical cytology (smear test) — every 3 years · The HPV test is now the primary screening test. Cytology (Pap test) is used only where the HPV test is not yet offered, and moves to its longer interval after 2 consecutive normal results a year apart. With the HPV test, routine testing stops after age 60 once the result is negative. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Diretrizes Brasileiras para o Rastreamento do Câncer do Colo do Útero: Parte I (teste de DNA-HPV oncogênico) · National guideline Diretrizes Brasileiras para o Rastreamento do Câncer do Colo do Útero: Parte I — Rastreamento organizado utilizando testes moleculares para detecção de DNA-HPV oncogênico (Portaria Conjunta SAES/SECTICS nº 13/2025) |
|
| Mammogram (breast X-ray) Breast cancer screening |
Women; ages 50 to 74 | every 2 years · Women aged 40 to 49, or over 74, without suspicious signs or symptoms can still have a screening mammogram on request in the public health system (SUS), after a health professional explains the possible risks and benefits. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Nota Técnica nº 626/2025-CGCAN/DECAN/SAES/MS (acesso ao exame de mamografia no SUS) · Technical guideline Detecção precoce — Controle do câncer de mama (INCA, Ministério da Saúde) |
Vaccines
| Item | Who it is for | How often / doses | Guideline | Checked |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MMR vaccine (measles, mumps and rubella) Measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccination |
12 months to 29 years | Anyone without proof of 2 doses starts or completes the course, with doses 30 days apart. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
|
| Yellow fever vaccine (live attenuated) Yellow fever vaccination |
ages 5 to 59 | Recommended throughout Brazil. One dose for anyone never vaccinated; one booster if the only previous dose was given before age 5. From age 60, it is given only in exceptional cases, after an individual risk-benefit assessment. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
|
| Hepatitis B vaccine Hepatitis B vaccination |
age 7 and over | Anyone without 3 recorded doses starts or completes the course, with the second dose 1 month and the third 6 months after the first. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
|
| dT vaccine (adult-type tetanus and diphtheria) Diphtheria and tetanus vaccination |
age 14 and over | every 10 years · The first booster is at age 14, after the childhood DTP doses; the interval is shortened to 5 years if there is a risk of tetanus or diphtheria exposure. Anyone from age 7 without 3 previous doses starts or completes the course first. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
|
| MMR vaccine (measles, mumps and rubella) Measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccination |
ages 30 to 59 | 1 dose for anyone without proof of a previous dose. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
|
| COVID-19 vaccine COVID-19 vaccination |
age 60 and over | every 6 months · Regardless of how many doses were received before. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
|
| Inactivated flu vaccine (injection) Flu vaccination |
age 60 and over | every year | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
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| Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20) Pneumococcal vaccination |
age 85 and over | One dose for older people not previously vaccinated. People aged 60 to 84 who are bedridden or live in an institution (such as a care home) are also offered it. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme |
Childhood immunizations
| Item | Who it is for | How often / doses | Guideline | Checked |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BCG vaccine Tuberculosis (BCG) vaccination |
up to age 4 | at birth · A child who missed the birth dose can still have it, if they have no symptoms or signs of a weakened immune system and after assessment by the health service. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
|
| Hepatitis B vaccine Hepatitis B vaccination |
under 1 month | at birth · A single-vaccine dose soon after birth, ideally within 12 hours and no later than the first month of life; the other hepatitis B doses are given in the pentavalent vaccine at 2, 4 and 6 months. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
|
| Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine Pneumococcal vaccination |
2 months to 4 years | 2 months, 4 months, 12 months · During the switch from PCV10 to PCV20, the first dose and the booster are PCV20 and the second dose is PCV10. Fewer doses are needed when vaccination starts late: a child aged 12 months or older with no earlier doses gets a single PCV20 dose. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
|
| Pentavalent vaccine (DTP-Hib-HepB, whole-cell pertussis) Diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, Hib and hepatitis B vaccination |
2 months to 6 years | 2 months, 4 months, 6 months · The two booster doses that follow are given with the DTP vaccine (see the DTP entry). | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
|
| Polio vaccine (inactivated, IPV) Polio vaccination |
2 months to 4 years | 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 15 months, 4 years | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
|
| Rotavirus vaccine (oral) Rotavirus vaccination |
2 to 23 months old | 2 months, 4 months · The first dose can only be given up to age 11 months 29 days and the second up to 23 months 29 days; a child who misses the first-dose window cannot have the second dose. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
|
| MenC vaccine (meningococcal group C conjugate) Meningococcal group C (MenC) vaccination |
3 to 11 months old | 3 months, 5 months · The booster at 12 months is itself a MenACWY dose, not MenC (see the MenACWY entry). From 12 months MenC is no longer used: a child who missed MenC doses or the booster gets a single MenACWY dose instead, up to 4 years, 11 months and 29 days of age. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
|
| COVID-19 vaccine COVID-19 vaccination |
6 months to 4 years | 6 months, 7 months, 9 months · The course uses the Pfizer (Comirnaty) vaccine; healthy children who have completed it do not need routine further doses. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
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| Inactivated flu vaccine (injection) Flu vaccination |
6 months to 5 years | 6 months to 5 years · Given every flu season; a child having it for the first time needs 2 doses 30 days apart, then a single dose in each later year. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
|
| Yellow fever vaccine (live attenuated) Yellow fever vaccination |
9 months to 4 years | 9 months, 4 years · Recommended throughout Brazil. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
|
| MenACWY vaccine Meningococcal groups A, C, W and Y (MenACWY) vaccination |
12 months to 4 years | 12 months · A booster dose; if it cannot be given at 12 months, give it as soon as possible, up to 4 years, 11 months and 29 days of age. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
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| MMR vaccine (measles, mumps and rubella) Measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccination |
12 to 15 months old | 12 months, 15 months | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
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| DTP vaccine (diphtheria, tetanus and whole-cell pertussis) Diphtheria, tetanus and whooping cough vaccination |
15 months to 6 years | 15 months, 4 years · Booster doses after the three doses of the pentavalent vaccine (DTP-Hib-HepB); later boosters use the adult-type dT vaccine. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
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| Hepatitis A vaccine Hepatitis A vaccination |
15 months to 4 years | 15 months | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
|
| Chickenpox (varicella) vaccine Chickenpox (varicella) vaccination |
15 months to 6 years | 15 months, 4 years · For children who have not had chickenpox (or are not sure). If the single varicella vaccine is not available, the MMRV (measles, mumps, rubella and varicella) vaccine can be used. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
|
| HPV vaccine (four-valent) HPV vaccination |
ages 9 to 14 | 9–14 years · A single dose for girls and boys, given as early as possible in this age window. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
|
| Dengue vaccine (live attenuated) Dengue vaccination |
ages 10 to 14 | 10–14 years, at least 3 months after the previous dose · Two doses from the same manufacturer; doses from different manufacturers are not interchangeable. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
|
| MenACWY vaccine Meningococcal groups A, C, W and Y (MenACWY) vaccination |
ages 11 to 14 | 11 years · A first dose or a booster, depending on earlier vaccination; if it is late, it can be given up to 14 years, 11 months and 29 days of age. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
During pregnancy
Recommendations during pregnancy are not tied to an age band.
| Item | Who it is for | How often / doses | Guideline | Checked |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Whooping cough vaccine (Tdap) Whooping cough (pertussis) vaccination in pregnancy |
Women; Pregnant | One dose in every pregnancy from week 20; if it was not given during pregnancy, it can be given up to 45 days after the birth. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
|
| RSV vaccine given in pregnancy (maternal immunisation) RSV vaccination |
Women; Pregnant | One dose in every pregnancy from week 28, at any maternal age; there is no upper limit except active labour. | Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Instrução Normativa do Calendário Nacional de Vacinação 2026 · National programme Calendário Nacional de Vacinação (Ministério da Saúde) |
Emergency and crisis lines
United States
Emergency 911 Emergency services (United States) · Source
Crisis line 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline (United States) · Available 24 hours a day, every day of the year. · Source
United Kingdom
Emergency 999 NHS England · Source
Health advice 111 NHS England · Source
Crisis line 116 123 Samaritans · Open 24 hours a day. · Source
China
Emergency 120 National Health Commission (China) · Source
Crisis line 12356 National Health Commission (China) · Each line provides at least 18 hours of service a day under the national notice; hours vary by city. · Source
Japan
Emergency 119 Fire and Disaster Management Agency (Japan) · Source
Crisis line 0120‑061‑338 #いのちSOS (Lifelink) · Open 24 hours a day, every day (free call). · Source
Crisis line 0120‑279‑338 Yorisoi Hotline · Open 24 hours a day (free call). · Source
Spain
Emergency 112 Emergency services (Spain) · Source
Crisis line 024 Ministerio de Sanidad (Spain) · Free and confidential, 24 hours a day, every day of the year. · Source
Brazil
Emergency 192 Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) · Source
Crisis line 188 CVV — Centro de Valorização da Vida · Free, 24 hours a day, anywhere in Brazil. · Source
Elsewhere, call your local emergency number.